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Behavioral tests of hippocampal function: simple paradigms complex problems.

R Gerlai1

  • 1Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Drop Code 0510, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. gerlai_robert@lilly.com

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|October 30, 2001
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Behavioral tests in mice can yield inaccurate results due to experimental flaws. This review highlights issues in T-maze, fear conditioning, and Morris water maze tests to improve neurobiological research accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Behavioral tests are crucial for analyzing gene function in transgenic mice.
  • Molecular neurobiologists increasingly use behavioral paradigms, necessitating a review of potential issues.
  • Experimental parameters can lead to false positive or negative findings in behavioral analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and discuss potential problems in commonly used behavioral tests for transgenic mouse research.
  • To provide examples and suggest solutions for avoiding experimental pitfalls.
  • To enhance the reliability of behavioral data in neurobiological studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of three hippocampal-dependent behavioral tests: T-maze spontaneous alternation task (T-CAT), Context-dependent fear conditioning (CDFC), and Morris water maze (MWM).
  • Analysis of specific experimental parameters and procedures that can compromise test validity.
  • Discussion of how methodological choices can impact results and interpretation.

Main Results:

  • T-CAT can be confounded by handling-induced fear, affecting alternation rates independently of hippocampal function.
  • CDFC's context test may be influenced by cued components, leading to misinterpretation of hippocampal involvement.
  • MWM results can be skewed by task difficulty disparities (visible vs. hidden platform) and inappropriate parameter measurement.

Conclusions:

  • Careful consideration of experimental design and parameters is essential for accurate behavioral phenotyping in mice.
  • Addressing identified issues in T-CAT, CDFC, and MWM can improve the validity of findings in transgenic mouse studies.
  • This review offers practical guidance for neurobiologists to avoid common pitfalls in behavioral research.