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A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation
Published on: April 2, 2012
Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection presenting with fever alone
1Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Journal of Human Virology
|November 6, 2001
Summary
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in neonates presenting with fever alone are uncommon but comparable to bacterial meningitis. Early HSV testing and treatment are recommended for febrile infants with negative bacterial cultures.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Background:
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are infrequently diagnosed in neonates presenting solely with fever.
- Bacterial infections are a more common consideration in febrile neonates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of HSV infection in neonates presenting with fever alone.
- To compare this incidence with that of bacterial infections in similarly presenting neonates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of neonatal medical records (March 1995-February 1997).
- Inclusion criteria: discharge diagnosis of HSV or bacterial infection, positive HSV assay, fever.
- Exclusion criteria: afebrile, evident fever source, immunocompromised status.
Main Results:
- Eighteen neonates diagnosed with HSV infection over two years.
- Only one neonate with HSV presented with fever alone.
- 27 of 113 neonates (23.9%) with fever alone had bacterial infections; 2 had meningitis.
Conclusions:
- The presentation of HSV infection with fever alone in neonates is comparable to bacterial meningitis.
- Empirical testing and treatment for HSV are advised in febrile neonates with negative bacterial cultures.
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