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Visual pathways following cerebral hemispherectomy.

D Boire¹, H Théoret, M Ptito

¹Ecole d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, CP, 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, PQ, H3C 3J7 Canada.

Progress in Brain Research

|November 13, 2001

Summary

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Unilateral cerebral hemispherectomy causes severe degeneration in visual pathways like the retinogeniculate pathway. However, visual information from the blind field can still reach the brainstem and potentially the contralateral cortex.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neuroanatomy
Visual System Research

Background:

Unilateral cerebral hemispherectomy is a surgical procedure with significant anatomical consequences.
Previous studies have investigated its effects on visual pathways in animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the anatomical consequences of unilateral cerebral hemispherectomy in animal models.
To analyze the impact on visual pathways, specifically the retinogeniculate and tectofugal pathways.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature and experimental data on hemispherectomized animal models.
Comparative analysis of degeneration in the retinogeniculate pathway in monkeys and cats.
Examination of the pulvinar subdivisions and midbrain structures (pretectum, superior colliculus).

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Main Results:

Severe degeneration observed in the retinogeniculate pathway of hemispherectomized monkeys, exceeding that in cats.
Degeneration in all pulvinar subdivisions, indicating interruption of the tectofugal pathway.
Retinal ganglion cells in the blind hemifield remain intact, with normal terminals to the midbrain pretectum and superior colliculus.

Conclusions:

The retinogeniculate pathway has limited potential for visual information transfer after hemispherectomy.
The ascending tectofugal pathway is significantly impacted by the procedure.
Visual information from the blind hemifield can still access brainstem structures and potentially reach the contralateral cortex via commissural pathways.