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Wavelength dependent cis-trans isomerization in vision.

J E Kim1, M J Tauber, R A Mathies

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Biochemistry
|November 14, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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The quantum yield of the photoisomerization initiating vision is not wavelength independent, contrary to previous assumptions. This finding suggests that excited-state vibrational wave packet dynamics dictate the 200 fs photoisomerization reaction in vision.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Photochemistry
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Vision begins with the light-induced cis-trans isomerization of 11-cis-retinal within rhodopsin.
  • Previous studies suggested a wavelength-independent reaction quantum yield for this process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To accurately determine the reaction quantum yield of rhodopsin photoisomerization.
  • To investigate the potential wavelength dependence of the quantum yield in vision.

Main Methods:

  • Precise measurement of the photoisomerization quantum yield at 500 nm (phi(500) = 0.65 +/- 0.01).
  • Assessment of quantum yield across different wavelengths of incident light, particularly below 20 000 cm(-1).

Main Results:

  • The reaction quantum yield (phi) surprisingly depends on the wavelength of incident light.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantum yield remains constant from 450-480 nm but decreases significantly at lower photon energies (longer wavelengths).
  • At 570 nm, the quantum yield is reduced by 5 +/- 1% compared to the 500 nm value.

    • Conclusions:

    • The long-held assumption of a wavelength-independent quantum yield in vision is incorrect.
    • The results support the hypothesis that nonstationary excited-state vibrational wave packet dynamics govern the 200 fs photoisomerization initiating vision.