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Consonant cluster development in two-year-olds: general trends and individual difference.

S McLeod1, J van Doorn, V A Reed

  • 1School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Sydney, Australia. smcleod@csu.edu.au

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|November 16, 2001
PubMed
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This study explored how 2-year-olds learn consonant clusters, finding that while many produced a variety of clusters, few did so correctly. Phonological development showed increases in cluster range and accuracy over six months.

Area of Science:

  • Child language acquisition
  • Phonological development
  • Speech sound disorders

Background:

  • Understanding phonological development requires examining universal patterns and individual variability.
  • Consonant clusters are complex phonological structures crucial for speech development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between general trends and individual differences in consonant cluster production in 2-year-olds.
  • To analyze the development of consonant cluster accuracy and repertoire over a six-month period.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 16 typically developing 2-year-olds over six months.
  • Elicitation of spontaneous speech samples (96 total).
  • Independent and relational phonological analyses of consonant cluster production.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • 2-year-olds produced a range of consonant clusters, but correct production was limited.
  • Only 50% of participants improved consonant cluster accuracy over time.
  • Phonological maturity increased through expanded cluster repertoire and closer approximations to adult targets.

Conclusions:

  • Consonant cluster acquisition in early childhood exhibits both general developmental trends and significant individual variation.
  • While accuracy may lag, the diversity and approximation of consonant clusters indicate developing phonological skills in 2-year-olds.