Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Heterokaryon Technique for Analysis of Cell Type-specific Localization
Published on: March 11, 2011
Nucleocytoplasmic transport: Ran, beta and beyond
S Kuersten1, M Ohno, I W Mattaj
1Gene Expression Programme, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract:
Proteins, RNAs and even large macromolecular complexes are transported into and out of nuclei with remarkable rapidity and specificity. Nucleocytoplasmic transport must therefore be efficient and selective. Characterization of the roles of the importin beta family of transport receptors and of the Ran GTPase has showed how these characteristics can be achieved, but there are many examples of nucleocytoplasmic transport that do not fit this model. Here, we discuss current understanding of various transport mechanisms and evaluate cases in which the molecules and mechanisms underlying nucleocytoplasmic transport are used to carry out important cellular functions in the absence of a nucleus.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Overview of Protein Sorting and Transport
Protein sorting can be of two types: signal-based sorting and vesicle-based trafficking. In signal-based sorting, specific amino acid sequences called sorting signals target proteins to the proper location inside the cell either via gated transport or by protein translocation. In gated transport, folded...
Nuclear Protein Sorting
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
Nuclear Localization Signals and Import
Nuclear Export
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
Directionality of Nuclear Transport

