Radiologic anatomy of the sphenoid sinus for intranasal surgery

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Neurosurgery
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Endoscopic sphenoid sinus surgery presents anatomical challenges.
• Proximity to critical structures like the carotid artery and optic nerve necessitates precise surgical technique.
• Disorientation during dissection can lead to surgical complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the anatomical relationship between the sphenoid sinus and vital structures.
• To obtain measurements of the sphenoid sinus using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT).
• To evaluate the feasibility and safety of lateral dissection techniques for sphenoid sinus ostium enlargement.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 69 axial HRCT scans of temporal bones.
• Measurement of distances between the sphenoid ostium and surrounding vital anatomical structures.
• Evaluation of the lateral dimensions of the sphenoid ostium.

Main Results:

• Detailed anatomical relationships of the sphenoid sinus, particularly its lateral wall, to the carotid artery and optic nerve were revealed.
• Measurements indicated the lateral distance from the sphenoid ostium.
• The lateral distance from the sphenoid ostium was found to be approximately the distance between both ostea.

Conclusions:

• Lateral dissection from the sphenoid ostium may be a safe option for enlarging the ostium in selected cases.
• Understanding precise anatomical measurements is crucial for minimizing complications in endoscopic sphenoid sinus surgery.
• This study provides valuable data for surgeons performing sphenoid sinus procedures.