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Blood transfusion: the silent epidemic.

B D Spiess1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Commonwealth University/Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298-0695, USA. bdspiess@hsc.vcu.edu

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|November 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary

The risk/benefit ratio of blood transfusions is unclear. While viral transmission risks are now minimal, physicians must consider immunosuppression, infection, and inflammatory events, as transfusion benefits remain understudied.

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Historically, blood transfusion risks focused on viral transmission (hepatitis, HIV).
  • Advanced screening has significantly reduced viral transmission risks.
  • Current risks include immunosuppression, bacterial infection, ABO incompatibility, and transfusion-associated acute lung injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the risk/benefit ratio of allogeneic blood transfusions.
  • To provide an evidence-based perspective in the post-AIDS era.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of transfusion risks and benefits.
  • Focus on contemporary risks beyond viral transmission.

Main Results:

  • Viral transmission risks are now negligible.
  • Immunosuppression and inflammatory events are significant transfusion risks.
  • The benefits of blood transfusion are not well-documented.

Conclusions:

  • The risk/benefit ratio of blood transfusions is skewed.
  • Physicians should carefully weigh risks against benefits, considering immunosuppression and inflammatory complications.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate transfusion benefits.

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