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Nuclear transfer technology in mammalian cloning
D P Wolf1, S Mitalipov, R B Norgren
1Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA. wolfd@ohsu.edu
Archives of Medical Research
|December 26, 2001
Summary
Mammalian cloning via nuclear transfer (NT) has advanced significantly, now utilizing differentiated adult cells, not just embryonic ones. This progress opens doors for reproductive and therapeutic cloning applications in humans.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Genetics
- Developmental biology
Background:
- Mammalian cloning using nuclear transfer (NT) has seen significant advancements.
- Historically, NT relied on undifferentiated embryonic cells for successful cloning.
- Recent breakthroughs have enabled cloning from differentiated somatic cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review progress in mammalian cloning via nuclear transfer.
- To discuss the potential applications of reproductive cloning.
- To explore current interests in human reproductive and therapeutic cloning.
Main Methods:
- Nuclear transfer (NT) techniques.
- Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
- Cloning from differentiated embryonic and adult somatic cells.
Main Results:
- Successful cloning of sheep from adult mammary gland cells in 1997.
- Progression to cloning from differentiated embryonic and somatic cells in various mammals (sheep, cow, mouse, goat, pig).
- Demonstration that differentiated cells can be reprogrammed for NT.
Conclusions:
- Nuclear transfer technology has evolved beyond using only embryonic cells.
- Somatic cell cloning is now a viable technique across multiple mammalian species.
- The field is advancing towards potential human reproductive and therapeutic cloning applications.