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Respiratory variability in panic disorder.

J M Martinez1, J M Kent, J D Coplan

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA. josemar@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu

Depression and Anxiety
|December 26, 2001
PubMed
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Increased respiratory variability is a key trait in some panic disorder patients, potentially increasing vulnerability to carbon dioxide (CO2)-induced panic attacks. Treatment did not alter this respiratory characteristic.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Disordered breathing is implicated in panic disorder pathophysiology.
  • Panic disorder patients exhibit greater respiratory variability than controls.
  • Investigating respiratory variability's specificity and treatment effects is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if heightened respiratory variability is specific to panic disorder.
  • To assess if anti-panic treatments modify respiratory variability.
  • To explore the link between respiratory variability and CO2-induced panic.

Main Methods:

  • Baseline respiratory measures were assessed in panic disorder, major depression, premenstrual dysphoric disorder patients, and controls.
  • Subjects underwent 5% and 7% CO2 inhalation challenges.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Panic disorder patients and controls were retested after 12 weeks of treatment or observation.

    • Main Results:

    • Panic disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder patients showed significantly greater respiratory variability than controls.
    • Panic disorder patients with CO2-induced panic had higher baseline variability.
    • Anti-panic treatments (medication or CBT) did not significantly alter respiratory variability.

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated respiratory variability may be a trait marker for panic disorder vulnerability.
    • This trait may predispose individuals to CO2-induced panic.
    • Respiratory variability appears stable despite effective anti-panic interventions.