Neurologic manifestations of hematologic disorders

The subject of hematologic disease is vast, including disorders of cellular component excesses, deficiencies or destruction, and dysfunction. Many of these disorders may lead to neurologic complication. Some of these neurologic conditions are very specific to the hematologic disorder (such as the subacute combined deficiency seen in vitamin B12 deficiency anemia) while others are common to several conditions (hyperviscosity syndrome seen with macroglobulinemia and leukemias). This article reviews some of the more common hematologic diseases and their accompanying neurologic conditions.