Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Eye Movements in Dizziness and Vertigo: A Comprehensive Review

Dizziness and vertigo, common neurologic complaints, remain challenging to diagnose accurately in both emergency and outpatient settings. Although complex, these conditions frequently present with specific abnormalities of eye movement that contain precise signals allowing for localization and diagnosis. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have enabled automated analysis of eye-movement recordings obtained using video-oculography and related technologies, reducing barriers to their clinical use. In this review, AI-based approaches to eye movement are analyzed to diagnose dizziness and vertigo, organized using several clinical diagnostic tasks, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, acute vestibular syndrome and stroke triage.