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Updated: Oct 15, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Artificial Intelligence and Facial Analysis/Facial Nerve/Facial Palsy
1Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract:
Artificial intelligence (AI)-based facial analysis enables objective and quantitative evaluation of facial morphology. Recent advances in computer vision allow automated detection of facial landmarks and reproducible measurement of facial symmetry, movement, and emotional expression. Several AI systems, including Emotrics, MediaPipe Face Mesh, Real-Time Facial Asymmetry Analysis, FaceReader, and Affdex, have been applied to outcome assessment after facial reanimation procedures and facial nerve reconstruction. Similar computational approaches can also be applied to evaluate structural facial deformities, such as those observed after mandibular reconstruction. By reducing subjective bias and improving reproducibility, AI-based facial analysis may support more evidence-based evaluation of reconstructive surgical outcomes.
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