[Contribution of one century of X-rays to medicine]

In order to commemorate the centenary of the attribution of Nobel prizes in sciences, we present in this article a short description of the interaction of X-rays with materials and a bibliography of 33 Nobel prize winners (6 for medicine, 18 in chemistry and 9 in physics) whose work is connected to applications of X-ray interactions for medical and pharmaceutical purposes, and additionally of 12 Nobel prize winners in physics for their initiative in the discovery of particles which were recently used for medicine.