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Related Experiment Videos

Electrocardiogram reference values for the buzzard in Spain.

L Espino1, M L Suárez, A López-Beceiro

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, 27002 Lugo, Spain. lespino@lugo.usc.es

Journal of Wildlife Diseases
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
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This study established normal electrocardiogram (EKG) values for buzzards (Buteo buteo). These reference ranges aid in diagnosing EKG abnormalities in avian health.

Area of Science:

  • Avian cardiology
  • Veterinary electrocardiology

Background:

  • Electrocardiography (EKG) is crucial for assessing cardiac health in birds.
  • Establishing species-specific reference values is essential for accurate interpretation of EKG findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine normal electrocardiographic reference values for apparently healthy buzzards (Buteo buteo).
  • To provide a baseline for identifying EKG abnormalities in avian diseases.

Main Methods:

  • EKGs were recorded from 65 anesthetized buzzards using standard and augmented unipolar limb leads.
  • Waveform durations (P, PR, QRS, T, QT) and amplitudes (P, QRS, T) were analyzed in lead II.
  • Mean electrical axis (MEA) was calculated, and waveform polarity was tabulated.

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Main Results:

  • The mean heart rate was 325.2 ± 52.9 beats/min.
  • In lead II, the P wave was positive, QRS complex was predominantly QS, and the T wave was always positive.
  • The average MEA was -99.2 ± 7.7 degrees.

Conclusions:

  • Normal EKG values for buzzards were successfully established.
  • These findings will improve the understanding and diagnosis of cardiac conditions in this species.