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Cognitive functioning and the early development of PTSD.

V Bustamante1, T A Mellman, D David

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida, USA.

Journal of Traumatic Stress
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Early verbal memory deficits after trauma may increase the risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study found that poorer memory recall and increased retroactive interference correlated with higher PTSD severity weeks later.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with verbal memory deficits.
  • The early phase of trauma response is critical for understanding PTSD development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive functioning, specifically verbal memory, in the early aftermath of trauma.
  • To examine the relationship between early cognitive deficits and subsequent PTSD severity.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-eight participants with traumatic injuries were assessed shortly after admission to a trauma center.
  • Neuropsychological measures were obtained at baseline, with PTSD and psychiatric assessments at baseline and 6-week follow-up.

Main Results:

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  • Significant negative correlations were observed between 6-week PTSD severity and delayed verbal recall and retroactive interference.
  • These associations were independent of baseline PTSD severity.

Conclusions:

  • Relative deficits in specific verbal memory areas shortly after trauma may indicate a higher risk for developing PTSD.
  • Early cognitive assessment could potentially identify individuals at greater risk for PTSD development.