Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 12, 2026
Minimally Invasive Embryo Transfer and Embryo Vitrification at the Optimal Embryo Stage in Rabbit Model
Published on: May 16, 2019
A minimally monitored assisted reproduction stimulation protocol reduces cost without compromising success
Bradley S Hurst1, Kathleen E Tucker, William D Schlaff
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA. bhurst@carolinas.org
Objective:
To determine if a fixed-dose stimulation protocol with monitoring limited to a single ultrasound can provide acceptable outcomes in assisted reproduction technologies (ART) procedures in appropriately selected patients.
Design:
Prospective study of all minimally monitored ART cycles from 1996 through 1998.
Setting:
University ART program.
Patients:
Eligibility included Institutional Review Board consent, age 18-37, basal FSH < or = 10, normal semen parameters, and regular menses. IVF (n = 81) and GIFT (n = 14).
Interventions:
A single ultrasound was performed after 8 or 9 days of stimulation in a fixed-schedule long luteal phase leuprolide protocol. No hormone levels were obtained. Human chorionic gonadotropin was administered when at least 2 follicles were projected to reach 18 mm.
Main Outcome Measures:
Pregnancy, delivery, and implantation rates.
Results:
The clinical pregnancy rates were 51% for IVF and 36% for GIFT. Delivery rates were 42% for IVF and 29% for GIFT. The implantation rates for IVF were 23% and 17% for GIFT. No patient was admitted for ovarian hyperstimulation.
Conclusions:
We were able to achieve satisfactory pregnancy and delivery rates in properly selected patients with a minimal monitoring protocol, limited to a single ultrasound near the end of a fixed-stimulation regimen. The reduced time commitment and cost led to a very high patient acceptance of this approach.
