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Mycotoxins.

G D Osweiler1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA. osweiler@iastate.edu

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|January 10, 2002
PubMed
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Horses are susceptible to mycotoxins from moldy feed, with fumonisins being particularly dangerous. Prevention through high-quality feed is key, as effective treatments for equine mycotoxicoses are lacking.

Area of Science:

  • Equine toxicology
  • Mycology
  • Animal nutrition

Background:

  • Horses ingest feed grains and forages contaminated with mycotoxins produced by mold invasion.
  • Common mycotoxins affecting horses include fumonisins and aflatoxins in grains, tremorgenic mycotoxins in dallis grass, and slaframine in red clover.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the types of mycotoxins affecting horses.
  • To describe the clinical signs and severity of equine mycotoxicoses.
  • To emphasize preventative strategies due to limited treatment options.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of equine mycotoxicoses.
  • Analysis of reported cases and toxicological data.
  • Synthesis of information on mycotoxin sources and effects in horses.

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Main Results:

  • Fumonisin toxicosis in horses is often severe and fatal.
  • Aflatoxin exposure can lead to acute or chronic, debilitating illness.
  • Horses exhibit a relatively low prevalence of reported mycotoxicoses but are highly sensitive to fumonisins.

Conclusions:

  • Effective therapies for equine mycotoxin poisoning are unavailable.
  • Providing high-quality grains and forages is the most effective method to prevent mycotoxicoses in horses.
  • Proactive feed management is crucial for mitigating the risks associated with mycotoxins in equine diets.