Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

[Toxic megacolon].

M Bortlík1, M Lukás

  • 1Gastroenterologické centrum IV. interní kliniky 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha. mbortlik@hotmail.com

Casopis Lekaru Ceskych
|January 15, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Toxic megacolon, a severe complication of inflammatory bowel diseases, involves colon distension and toxemia. Diagnosis via X-ray and treatment involve conservative measures or surgery if unresponsive within 72 hours.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A switch from originator-adalimumab to the biosimilar SB5 in patients with Crohn's disease: an analysis of two propensity score-matched cohorts.

Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology·2022
Same author

Enhanced superconductivity and ferroelectric quantum criticality in plastically deformed strontium titanate.

Nature materials·2021
Same author

Electrostatic Interactions Control the Functionality of Bacterial Ice Nucleators.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2020
Same author

Switching From Originator Adalimumab to the Biosimilar SB5 in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Short-term Experience From a Single Tertiary Clinical Centre.

Journal of Crohn's & colitis·2020
Same author

Robotic stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for renal cell carcinoma in patients with impaired renal function.

BMC urology·2019
Same author

Two Czech patients with familial adenomatous polyposis presenting mosaicism in APC gene.

Neoplasma·2018

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Intensive Care Medicine

Context:

  • Toxic megacolon is a severe acute complication of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
  • It affects 1.6-21.4% of ulcerative colitis patients and 0.3-2% of Crohn's disease patients.
  • Characterized by toxemia, sepsis, and colonic distension due to reduced muscle tone and increased gas.

Purpose:

  • To outline the key diagnostic and management strategies for toxic megacolon.
  • To emphasize the critical role of early recognition and intervention.
  • To highlight the importance of specialized multidisciplinary care.

Summary:

  • Diagnosis is confirmed by abdominal X-ray showing colonic distension exceeding 60 mm.
  • Conservative treatment includes fluid/electrolyte replacement, TPN, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and prone positioning.
  • Surgical intervention, typically subtotal colectomy with ileostomy, is indicated if conservative therapy fails within 72 hours.

Impact:

  • Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality associated with toxic megacolon.
  • Management at specialized centers ensures multidisciplinary expertise for optimal patient care.
  • Understanding the diagnostic criteria and treatment pathways facilitates effective clinical decision-making.

Related Experiment Videos