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Global progress toward laboratory containment of wild polioviruses, June 2001
Abstract:
When the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis in 1988, the estimated number of polio cases was 350,000; in 2000, approximately 3000 cases were reported. Two World Health Organization (WHO) regions (the Americas and Western Pacific) have been certified as polio-free, and a third (European Region) has been free of indigenous wild poliovirus transmission for nearly 3 years (3 years are required for WHO certification). As interruption of wild poliovirus circulation approaches, public health agencies are increasing efforts to minimize the risk for reintroduction of wild polioviruses from laboratory sources. This report describes the global plan for containing laboratory wild polioviruses and summarizes the steps being taken toward implementation.
Insights
The global effort to eradicate poliomyelitis has drastically reduced cases. A plan is underway to contain wild polioviruses in laboratories, preventing reintroduction and ensuring global polio eradication.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- Virology
Background:
- The World Health Assembly initiated a global poliomyelitis eradication program in 1988.
- Polio cases decreased from an estimated 350,000 to approximately 3,000 by 2000.
- Two WHO regions are polio-free, with a third nearing certification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the global plan for containing laboratory wild polioviruses.
- To summarize implementation steps for laboratory containment.
- To mitigate the risk of reintroducing wild polioviruses from laboratory sources.
Main Methods:
- Review of the global plan for laboratory containment of wild polioviruses.
- Summary of ongoing implementation activities by public health agencies.
- Assessment of progress toward interrupting wild poliovirus circulation.
Main Results:
- Significant reduction in global polio cases since 1988.
- Certification of polio-free status in multiple WHO regions.
- Increased efforts to manage laboratory risks as wild poliovirus circulation wanes.
Conclusions:
- Global eradication of poliomyelitis is approaching.
- Containment of laboratory wild polioviruses is a critical next step.
- Vigilance and strategic planning are essential to prevent re-emergence.