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Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in thyroid nodules.

Michelle C Specht1, Olga N Tucker, Marko Hocever

  • 1Departments of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|January 15, 2002
PubMed
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Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is overexpressed in human thyroid cancer but not in benign nodules. This finding suggests COX-2 may serve as a valuable biomarker for detecting malignant thyroid nodules.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Thyroid neoplasia development factors are unclear.
  • Inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression is implicated in epithelial carcinomas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate COX-2 up-regulation in human thyroid neoplasia.
  • To determine if COX-2 expression can differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodules.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative RT-PCR analyzed COX-2 mRNA in benign (n=14) and malignant (n=14) thyroid nodules versus adjacent tissue.
  • Immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence assessed COX-2 protein expression.
  • COX-2 expression was also evaluated in three human thyroid cancer cell lines and fine needle aspiration specimens.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • COX-2 mRNA levels were significantly higher in malignant thyroid nodules compared to adjacent tissue and benign nodules.
  • COX-2 protein was elevated in 80% of thyroid nodules and localized to malignant epithelial cells.
  • COX-2 expression was detected in all tested thyroid cancer cell lines and fine needle aspiration samples.

Conclusions:

  • COX-2 is significantly up-regulated in human thyroid cancer, but not in benign thyroid nodules.
  • COX-2 expression may function as a diagnostic marker for malignancy in thyroid nodules.
  • Further research into COX-2's role in thyroid cancer pathogenesis is warranted.