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Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
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Discrimination functions: can they be used to classify singing voices?

M L Erickson1, S Perry, S Handel

  • 1Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA. merickso@utk.edu

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|January 17, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Singing voice timbre is not invariant. Listener perception reveals that vocal quality changes across a singer's range, challenging traditional assumptions about consistent vocal characteristics.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustic phonetics
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Music perception

Background:

  • Acoustic features for identifying singing voice categories and individual singers are sought.
  • Listener perception of singing voice categories and individual voices is under-examined.
  • Vocal timbre is studied for systematic variation between categories but assumed invariant within a singer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the assumption of invariant vocal timbre within an individual singer.
  • To investigate how listeners perceive vocal timbre across different pitches for individual singers.

Main Methods:

  • Recordings of 4 singers (2 mezzo-sopranos, 2 sopranos) singing the vowel /a/ at various pitches (A3 to A5).
  • Listeners identified the 'odd' stimulus in trials comparing two stimuli from the same singer at different pitches against one from a different singer.
  • Stimuli varied across singers and pitches to assess timbre perception.

Main Results:

  • Listener ability to identify the 'odd' singer varied significantly based on pitch differences.
  • This pitch-dependent identification success challenges the concept of invariant timbre for individual singers.
  • Perceived vocal quality is demonstrated to transform across a singer's vocal range and registers.

Conclusions:

  • The traditional concept of invariant timbre for individual singers is inaccurate.
  • Vocal timbre should be understood as dynamic, involving perceived quality transformations across pitch and register.
  • Future research should consider pitch and register variations when analyzing singing voice characteristics.