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Object activation from features in the semantic system.

Michael A Kraut1, Sarah Kremen, Jessica B Segal

  • 1Division of Neuroradiology, John Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. mkraut@rad.jhu.edu

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|January 19, 2002
PubMed
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The human brain activates object concepts using co-active neural regions. This study found the thalamus plays a key role in coordinating this object representation within the semantic system.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Semantics

Background:

  • Object representation in the human brain is believed to arise from the co-activation of neural regions encoding object features.
  • The specific cortical regions and mechanisms underlying this process within the semantic system remain largely unelucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural regions activated during the elicitation of object activation within the semantic system.
  • To elucidate the role of specific brain structures in forming object concepts from semantic information.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to monitor brain activity.
  • Participants performed a task involving word pairs designed to elicit object activation (e.g., 'desert' + 'humps' = 'camel').

Related Experiment Videos

  • Brain activity was compared for word pairs that successfully formed an object versus those that did not or were merely semantically associated.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant signal changes were observed in the thalamus when word pairs successfully activated an object concept.
    • No such signal changes were detected for word pairs that failed to activate an object, were only semantically associated, or belonged to the same category.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings indicate a critical role for the thalamus in the semantic system.
    • The thalamus appears to be involved in coordinating the distributed cortical activity necessary for activating object concepts.