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Internalization of echovirus 1 in caveolae
Varpu Marjomäki1, Vilja Pietiäinen, Heli Matilainen
1Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Finland. vmarjoma@cc.jyu.fi
Journal of Virology
|January 19, 2002
Summary
Echovirus 1 (EV1) uses the alpha 2 beta 1 integrin receptor to enter cells. This human pathogen utilizes caveolae-mediated endocytosis, a pathway crucial for its replication cycle.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Echovirus 1 (EV1) is a significant human pathogen within the Picornaviridae family.
- Understanding viral entry mechanisms is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the early infection events of Echovirus 1.
- To elucidate the specific cellular pathway utilized by EV1 for host cell entry.
Main Methods:
- Sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis to detect viral capsid changes.
- Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy to track viral and cellular component co-localization.
- Electron microscopy to visualize viral particles within cellular structures.
- Co-immunoprecipitation using anti-caveolin-1 beads to assess viral association.
Main Results:
- EV1 binding to alpha 2 beta 1 integrin induced conformational changes in the viral capsid.
- EV1, alpha 2 beta 1 integrin, and caveolin-1 were co-internalized into vesicular structures.
- Electron microscopy confirmed EV1 particles within caveolae.
- Infective EV1 associated with caveolin-1, and dominant-negative caveolin expression inhibited EV1 infection.
Conclusions:
- EV1 entry into host cells occurs via caveolae-mediated endocytosis.
- Caveolae play a critical role in the Echovirus 1 replication cycle.