Integration: an agenda for developmental research

E K Scholnick1

  • 1University of Maryland, College Park, USA.

Related Concept Videos

Principles of Development01:31

Principles of Development

Physical development during the prenatal period and early childhood follows two major directional principles: cephalocaudal and proximodistal development. These general patterns happen simultaneously and help explain changes in body proportions and the gradual development of motor skills.Cephalocaudal DevelopmentThe cephalocaudal principle describes development from the head downward toward the lower body. During prenatal development, the head and brain structures develop rapidly before many...
Introduction to Developmental Psychology01:27

Introduction to Developmental Psychology

Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...
Influences on Development01:26

Influences on Development

Human development is shaped by two broad categories of influences: internal and external factors. Internal influences primarily stem from heredity and biological processes, while external influences arise from the environment. Development reflects the continuous interaction between these factors rather than either one alone.Internal InfluencesHeredity refers to genetic information inherited from biological parents. Genes contribute to physical characteristics, such as eye color, body structure,...
Three Developmental Domains01:29

Three Developmental Domains

Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
Domains of Human Development01:27

Domains of Human Development

Developmental scientists study human growth across three major domains: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development. Although each domain describes a different aspect of development, they are closely connected. Changes in one domain can affect functioning in the other two, so human development reflects several interacting processes.Physical DevelopmentThe physical domain includes changes in the body and brain, sensory abilities, motor skills, and overall health. Physical conditions can...
Introduction to Human Development01:29

Introduction to Human Development

Human development is the scientific study of change and continuity across the lifespan. It includes gains and losses in physical, cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. Learning to walk, use language, and solve problems are examples of positive change. Reduced muscle strength, slower reaction times, and sensory decline in later life are examples of negative change. Development is commonly divided into several stages across the lifespan.Prenatal Development and ChildhoodThe prenatal stage...