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Oscillating fracture paths in rubber.

Robert D Deegan1, Paul J Petersan, M Marder

  • 1Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. rddeegan@chaos.ph.utexas.edu

Physical Review Letters
|January 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Fast-running cracks in rubber sheets can become unstable and oscillate. This instability, a Hopf bifurcation, transitions from straight to wavy crack patterns as biaxial strain increases.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid Mechanics
  • Fracture Mechanics

Background:

  • Crack propagation in materials is a critical area of study.
  • Understanding crack dynamics under stress is essential for material design.
  • Previous research has explored various crack instabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of oscillating instability in fast-running cracks.
  • To characterize the transition from straight to wavy crack patterns.
  • To determine the underlying bifurcation mechanism of this instability.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of crack propagation in thin rubber sheets.
  • Controlled application of biaxial strain.
  • Measurement of crack oscillation amplitude and wavelength near the instability onset.

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Main Results:

  • An oscillating instability was identified in fast-running cracks.
  • A clear transition from straight to wavy crack morphology was observed.
  • The instability was characterized as a Hopf bifurcation based on amplitude and wavelength measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Fast-running cracks in thin rubber sheets exhibit an oscillating instability.
  • This instability is triggered by increasing biaxial strain.
  • The observed phenomenon is a Hopf bifurcation, providing insight into fracture dynamics.