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Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

The Replisome

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

The Replisome

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 30, 2010

Yeast replicative DNA polymerases and their role at the replication fork.

Y Kawasaki¹, A Sugino

¹Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Molecules and Cells

|January 24, 2002

Summary

Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA polymerases are key to DNA replication, repair, and recombination. This review covers ten purified yeast enzymes and their eukaryotic counterparts, aiding DNA metabolism research.

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 30, 2010

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

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Published on: May 2, 2025

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, serves as a crucial model organism for studying fundamental biological processes.
DNA polymerases are essential enzymes involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination.
Ten distinct DNA polymerases have been identified and characterized in S. cerevisiae.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current research on Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA polymerases.
To elucidate the functional roles of these enzymes in DNA metabolism.
To discuss homologous enzymes in other eukaryotic species.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing research on yeast DNA polymerases.
Analysis of data from genome sequencing projects.
Comparative analysis of yeast enzymes and their eukaryotic homologues.

Main Results:

Comprehensive overview of ten characterized DNA polymerases from S. cerevisiae.
Detailed discussion of their specific functions in DNA replication, repair, and recombination.
Identification and discussion of homologous DNA polymerases across eukaryotic species.

Conclusions:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful model for understanding DNA polymerase function.
Yeast DNA polymerases share conserved roles and structures with homologs in other eukaryotes.
Advances in genomics accelerate the discovery and characterization of these vital enzymes.