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Ocular surface changes in pterygium.

Cordelia M L Chan1, Yan Ping Liu, Donald T H Tan

  • 1Singapore National Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore.

Cornea
|January 24, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Pterygium (wing-like eye growth) causes significant ocular surface abnormalities, including squamous metaplasia and increased goblet cells. These changes are most severe directly on the pterygium surface compared to surrounding conjunctiva.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Ocular Surface Disease

Background:

  • Pterygium is a common conjunctival growth that can affect vision.
  • Ocular surface changes associated with pterygium are not fully understood.
  • Impression cytology is a valuable tool for evaluating conjunctival surface abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and characterize the ocular surface abnormalities in eyes affected by pterygium.
  • To compare the cellular morphology of the pterygium surface with adjacent conjunctival areas.

Main Methods:

  • Impression cytology was performed on 56 pterygia and surrounding conjunctiva in 50 patients.
  • Evaluated superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal bulbar conjunctiva.
  • Analyzed epithelial cell morphology, including squamous metaplasia and goblet cell density.

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Main Results:

  • 100% of pterygium surfaces showed abnormalities, significantly higher than other conjunctival areas.
  • Squamous metaplasia was prevalent over the pterygium (73.2%), with advanced cellular changes.
  • Increased goblet cell density (mucinous hyperplasia) was observed in 87.5% of pterygium cases.

Conclusions:

  • Pterygium cytology reveals significant squamous metaplasia and increased goblet cell density.
  • A spectrum of ocular surface changes exists, with the most severe alterations directly over the pterygium.
  • These findings highlight the profound impact of pterygium on conjunctival cellular health.