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Ivermectin pharmacokinetics in lactating sheep.

V Cerkvenik1, I Grabnar, V Skubic

  • 1Veterinary Faculty, Institute for Food Hygiene and Bromatology, University of Ljubljana, Gerbiceva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. cerkveve@mail.vf.uni-lj.si

Veterinary Parasitology
|January 26, 2002
PubMed
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Ivermectin (IVM) in dairy sheep showed high variability, with milk concentrations generally higher than plasma. Residue transfer to lambs via milk was negligible, indicating minimal risk from ivermectin treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacology
  • Animal Science
  • Pharmacokinetics

Background:

  • Ivermectin (IVM) is a widely used antiparasitic drug in livestock.
  • Understanding IVM disposition in dairy animals is crucial for food safety and efficacy.
  • Early lactation is a critical period for drug transfer into milk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify ivermectin concentrations in plasma and milk of dairy sheep.
  • To evaluate the disposition of ivermectin in milk.
  • To assess the transfer of ivermectin residues to suckling lambs via milk.

Main Methods:

  • Six Istrian Pramenka dairy sheep were administered a single subcutaneous dose of 0.2 mg/kg b.w. of ivermectin.
  • Plasma and milk samples were collected over time to determine ivermectin concentrations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A one-compartment model was fitted to concentration-time data to determine pharmacokinetic parameters.
  • Ivermectin concentrations in suckling lamb plasma were also measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant inter-animal variability in ivermectin concentrations was observed in both plasma and milk.
    • Milk ivermectin concentrations were generally higher than plasma concentrations, with a mean milk/plasma ratio of 1.67 for the first 7 days.
    • A mean of 0.7% of the ivermectin dose was excreted in milk.
    • Ivermectin concentrations in suckling lamb plasma were very low, indicating negligible transfer.

    Conclusions:

    • Ivermectin disposition in dairy sheep exhibits considerable inter-animal variability.
    • The transfer of ivermectin residues to suckling lambs via milk is negligible.
    • The study provides valuable pharmacokinetic data for ivermectin in dairy sheep during early lactation.