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[Relationship between serological diagnosis (ELISA) and severity of pulmonary tuberculosis in children]
C C Sant'Anna1, L S Fonseca, M H Fères Saad
1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. clemax@vetor.com.br
Insights
This study found that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological tests for anti-PPD IgG antibodies can help diagnose childhood pulmonary tuberculosis. Higher antibody levels correlated with more severe tuberculosis forms, aiding in assessing disease gravity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Childhood pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis presents challenges.
- Assessing the relationship between immune response and disease severity is crucial.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a common diagnostic tool.
Purpose:
- To detect anti-PPD IgG antibodies using ELISA in children (0-13 years).
- To diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis in pediatric patients.
- To correlate immune response levels with radiological severity (mild, moderate, severe) of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Summary:
- Forty-eight children (0-13 years) were tested for anti-PPD IgG antibodies via ELISA.
- Twenty-nine children had pulmonary tuberculosis; 19 did not.
- Median ELISA optical density was higher in severe tuberculosis (miliary pattern, 0.134) compared to mild (primary complex, 0.098) and moderate (pneumonic pattern, 0.092) forms (p=0.0007).
Impact:
- ELISA serological testing shows potential for diagnosing childhood pulmonary tuberculosis.
- The study establishes a correlation between higher anti-PPD IgG antibody levels and severe forms of pediatric tuberculosis.
- Findings may aid in better assessing disease severity and guiding treatment strategies in children.
Abstract:
Forty eight children from 0 to 13 years old were submitted to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological test with a view to detect anti PPD IgG antibodies, for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and to establish the relationship between immune response and radiological gravity of pulmonary tuberculosis (mild, moderate and severe). There were 29 children with pulmonary tuberculosis and 19 children without tuberculosis. The median ELISA optical density were: 0.098 in children with primary complex (mild); 0.092 in children with pneumonic pattern (moderate) and 0.134 in children with miliary tuberculosis (severe). These data show higher positive serological test results in severe forms of pulmonary tuberculosis (p = 0.0007).