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Using intervention theory to model factors influencing behavior change. Project RESPECT.

M Fishbein1, M Hennessy, M Kamb

  • 1University of Pennsylvania, USA.

Evaluation & the Health Professions
|January 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Project RESPECT successfully increased condom use by improving attitudes and self-efficacy, particularly for females. Enhanced counseling also positively impacted males, demonstrating effective intervention strategies for STI prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Project RESPECT, a multisite randomized trial, evaluated clinic-based interventions for HIV and STD prevention.
  • The study focused on understanding the theoretical mechanisms underlying intervention effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how intervention content, guided by theoretical concepts, influenced condom use.
  • To analyze the impact of interventions on mediating variables predicting condom use intentions.

Main Methods:

  • Employed growth curve analysis and structural equation modeling.
  • Examined correlations between condom use intentions and self-reported behavior.
  • Assessed treatment effects on attitudes, self-efficacy, and social norms.

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Main Results:

  • Intentions strongly correlated with condom use behavior (r > .70) for both genders.
  • Interventions improved attitudes and self-efficacy in females.
  • Enhanced counseling significantly affected attitudes and self-efficacy in males.

Conclusions:

  • Emphasizing intentions is justified due to their strong link with condom use.
  • Intervention effectiveness varied by gender, with females benefiting from both counseling approaches and males from enhanced counseling.
  • Findings inform the development of targeted sexual health interventions.