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Modeling virus inactivation on salad crops using microbial count data.

S R Petterson1, P F Teunis, N J Ashbolt

  • 1Center for Water and Waste Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
|February 5, 2002
PubMed
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Wastewater irrigation can lead to virus accumulation on crops like lettuce and carrots. A persistent virus subpopulation decays slowly, potentially increasing crop contamination over time.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Virology
  • Agricultural science

Background:

  • Wastewater irrigation is a common practice for crop production.
  • Understanding virus persistence on crops is crucial for food safety.
  • Bacteriophage B40-8 is a model virus for studying decay dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the decay of Bacteroides fragilis bacteriophage B40-8 on wastewater-irrigated crops.
  • To investigate the distribution and inactivation rates of viruses on lettuce and carrots.
  • To assess the potential for virus accumulation on crop surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microbial counts from a virus decay experiment under glasshouse conditions.
  • Applied a modeling approach considering the discrete nature of microbial count data.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fitted experimental counts using a negative binomial distribution.
  • Employed maximum likelihood estimation to determine inactivation rates and subpopulation sizes.

    • Main Results:

    • Virus distribution on lettuce and carrots was highly dispersed, best fit by a negative binomial distribution.
    • Evidence of biphasic virus inactivation, indicating a slowly decaying persistent subpopulation.
    • Estimated initial inactivation rates: 2.48 day⁻¹ (lettuce) and 0.84 day⁻¹ (carrot).
    • Estimated persistent subpopulation inactivation rates: 0.51 day⁻¹ (lettuce) and 0.046 day⁻¹ (carrot).
    • Persistent virus subpopulation size: 0.12% (lettuce) and 2% (carrot).

    Conclusions:

    • Wastewater irrigation can lead to significant virus persistence on crops.
    • A slowly decaying subpopulation of viruses can accumulate on crops over time.
    • The findings highlight the importance of managing virus risks in wastewater irrigation systems.