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Related Concept Videos

Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

78.5K
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

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Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target...
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Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
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Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

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Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Cases of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis occurring in nonendemic areas: a diagnostic dilemma.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers
12:13

Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers

Published on: May 26, 2015

12.4K

Artificial blood.

Jerry E Squires1

  • 1American Red Cross Biomedical Services, Arlington, VA 22307, USA. squiresj@usa.redcross.org

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 9, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blood substitutes are being developed as alternatives to donor blood for transfusions during emergencies and surgeries. The initial generation of these innovative blood substitutes is now undergoing clinical trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hematology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Donor blood shortages pose significant challenges in medical settings.
  • The need for safe and effective alternatives to human blood transfusions is critical.
  • Advancements in biotechnology have enabled the development of artificial blood substitutes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the development status of blood substitutes.
  • To highlight their potential applications in transfusion medicine.
  • To inform about the ongoing clinical trials of the first generation of blood substitutes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research and development in blood substitute technology.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for first-generation products.
  • Assessment of the potential impact on transfusion medicine.

Main Results:

  • The first generation of blood substitutes has reached the clinical trial phase.
  • These substitutes show promise for emergency and elective transfusion use.
  • Further research is ongoing to optimize efficacy and safety.

Conclusions:

  • Blood substitutes represent a significant advancement in transfusion medicine.
  • Clinical trials are a crucial step in validating their use.
  • Widespread application could alleviate donor blood dependency.