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Uncoupling protein 3 gene is associated with body composition changes with training in HERITAGE study
Christian-Marc Lanouette1, Yvon C Chagnon, Treva Rice
1Hôpital Laval and Kinesiology, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4.
Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|February 14, 2002
Summary
Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) gene variations may influence body composition, particularly fat mass and body weight changes following endurance exercise. These genetic factors show differences between Black and White populations.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Human Physiology
- Exercise Science
Background:
- Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial transporter primarily in skeletal muscle.
- UCP3 has been previously linked to obesity.
- Genetic variations in UCP3 warrant investigation for their role in body composition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze UCP3 polymorphisms (Val102Ile, Tyr210Tyr, GAIVS6) in relation to body composition.
- To investigate associations between UCP3 variants and baseline body composition and changes after endurance training.
- To compare allele and genotype frequencies between Black and White subjects.
Main Methods:
- Study population: 276 Black and 503 White subjects from the HERITAGE Family Study.
- Genetic analysis: UCP3 polymorphisms (Val102Ile, Tyr210Tyr, GAIVS6).
- Phenotypic measurements: Body composition (BMI, fat mass, percent body fat, skinfold thickness) at baseline and after 20 weeks of endurance training.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in UCP3 allele and genotype frequencies were observed between Black and White participants.
- Suggestive linkage between Tyr210Tyr and baseline body mass index, fat mass, and leptin levels in both ethnic groups.
- Suggestive linkage between GAIVS6 and changes in fat mass and percent body fat in White participants.
- Significant association between GAIVS6 and changes in skinfold thickness in White participants.
Conclusions:
- UCP3 gene variations are associated with body composition traits.
- UCP3 may play a role in modulating body composition changes in response to regular endurance exercise.
- Genetic differences in UCP3 exist between Black and White populations, potentially influencing exercise response.