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Kaposi's Sarcoma and Transplantation.

Julio C Mendez1, Carlos V Paya

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Herpes : the Journal of the IHMF
|February 28, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Kaposi's sarcoma is a rare cancer in transplant patients, occurring 500 times more often than in the general population. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is linked to its development, and modifying immunosuppression can help treat it.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric tumor with vascular and spindle cell components.
  • Its incidence in transplant recipients is 400-500 times higher than in the general population.
  • KS represents over 5% of de novo neoplasms in transplant recipients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding Kaposi's sarcoma in transplant recipients.
  • To explore the pathogenesis, risk factors, and treatment of post-transplant KS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on Kaposi's sarcoma in organ transplant recipients.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data and etiological factors, including human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8).
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies, including immunosuppressive therapy modification.

Main Results:

  • Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) DNA sequences are found in various clinical forms of KS.
  • Identified risk factors include geographical origin, HHV-8 infection status, and immunosuppressive regimen.
  • Altering immunosuppressive therapy (cessation, reduction, or modification) shows efficacy in a significant number of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Kaposi's sarcoma is a significant concern in the transplant population, with HHV-8 playing a key role.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of individual risk factors.
  • Immunosuppression management is a crucial therapeutic approach for post-transplant Kaposi's sarcoma.

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