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Oral transmucosal fentanyl pretreatment for outpatient general anesthesia
P A Moore1, M A Cuddy, J A Magera
1Department of Dental Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
Insights
Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) effectively sedates young children before dental procedures, improving separation and mask acceptance. Continuous monitoring is crucial due to increased side effects in the fentanyl group.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) is a known sedative for pediatric procedures.
- Preanesthetic sedation is crucial for managing children undergoing dental treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of OTFC for preanesthetic sedation in young children undergoing dental caries treatment.
- To assess OTFC's impact on patient behavior during separation and mask induction.
Main Methods:
- Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 33 children aged 24-60 months.
- Behavioral outcomes assessed using sedation, separation, and cooperation scores.
- Comparison between active OTFC and placebo oralet.
Main Results:
- OTFC significantly improved children's behavior during separation from parents (P < .05) and cooperation with mask induction (P < .05).
- No significant differences in surgery duration or recovery time between groups.
- Increased incidence of respiratory and cardiovascular side effects observed in the OTFC group.
Conclusions:
- OTFC is an effective preanesthetic sedative for pediatric dental procedures, enhancing behavioral control.
- Careful monitoring of respiratory function is essential due to potential side effects.
- OTFC offers a convenient option for atraumatic sedation in pediatric dentistry.
Abstract:
The oral transmucosal formulation of fentanyl citrate (OTFC) has been reported to be an effective sedative, providing convenient and atraumatic sedation for children prior to general anesthesia or painful diagnostic procedures. Thirty-three young children (24-60 months of age) scheduled for outpatient general anesthesia for treatment of dental caries were enrolled in this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. To determine the effectiveness of the OTFC premedication, patient behavior was evaluated using three distinct outcome ratings. A sedation score rated behavior in the waiting room prior to OTFC as well as 10 minutes and 20 minutes after OTFC. A separation score rated the child's response to being separated from his/her parent or guardian for transport to the dental operatory. Finally, a cooperation score rated the child's acceptance of the mask induction. The OTFC formulation was well tolerated by most of the children in this study. Compared with the placebo oralet, the active OTFC improved behavior for separation from the parent (P < .05) and cooperation with the mask induction (P < .05). The duration of surgery and the time of recovery did not differ between placebo and active premedication. Side effects including respiratory and cardiovascular complications were reported more frequently in the active fentanyl group. Continuous monitoring of respiratory function is essential when using this unique and effective formulation of fentanyl for pediatric preanesthetic sedation.