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Death rate variation in US subpopulations.

David A Kindig1, Christopher L Seplaki, Donald L Libby

  • 1Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53705-2397, USA. dakindig@facstaff.wisc.edu

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|March 9, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Socioeconomic and regional factors significantly influence US death rates, with education, income, and ethnicity playing key roles. Further research is needed to confirm causal links for these demographic disparities.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociomedical Sciences

Background:

  • Variations in age-adjusted death rates exist across US population subgroups.
  • Understanding these disparities is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze factors associated with variations in death rates among US population subgroups.
  • To explain the variance in mortality rates across different geographic and demographic categories.

Main Methods:

  • Examined factors linked to age-adjusted death rates in 366 US metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas (1990-92).
  • Utilized least squares regression analysis to determine the percentage of variance explained by various factors.

Main Results:

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  • Regression analysis explained 71% of the variance in death rates.
  • Positive associations with higher death rates included African-American ethnicity, lower educational attainment, high Medicare expenditures, and residing in western or southern regions.
  • Negative associations included employment in agriculture/forestry, Hispanic ethnicity, and higher per capita income.

Conclusions:

  • Socioeconomic factors like education and income, alongside ethnicity and region, are strongly associated with US death rate variations.
  • Further individual-level research is necessary to establish causality, considering the long latency periods of some factors like education.