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Related Experiment Videos

Atypical brainstem encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus 2.

Kon Chu1, Dong-Wha Kang, Jung-Ju Lee

  • 1Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, 28, Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.

Archives of Neurology
|March 14, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) can cause unusual brainstem encephalitis and facial palsy. Prompt diagnosis with cerebrospinal fluid PCR and treatment with acyclovir are crucial for recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurovirology

Background:

  • Herpes simplex encephalitis is a severe, sporadic neurological condition affecting adults.
  • Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) CNS infections typically present as subacute encephalitis, recurrent meningitis, or myelitis.

Observation:

  • A 37-year-old woman presented with fever, diplopia, hemiparesis, sensory changes, personality alterations, and neck stiffness.
  • Brain MRI revealed multifocal lesions in the pons, midbrain, and frontal white matter.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PCR confirmed HSV-2 infection.

Findings:

  • Atypical brainstem encephalitis and peripheral facial palsy were observed in the patient.
  • Initial acyclovir treatment resolved encephalitis, but facial palsy emerged upon discontinuation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Restarting acyclovir led to complete remission of symptoms.

    • Implications:

    • HSV-2 should be considered in atypical or brainstem encephalitis cases.
    • CSF PCR is a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying HSV-2.
    • Early diagnosis and treatment with acyclovir can prevent long-term neurological deficits.