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Wetting transitions at soft, sliding interfaces.

A Martin1, J Clain, A Buguin

  • 1Institut Curie, Section de Physique et Chimie, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Surfaces et Interface, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|March 23, 2002
PubMed
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We observed how a rubber cap squeezing a nonwetting liquid against a moving plate transitions from dry to partially wet, and finally fully wet. These transitions, crucial for understanding phenomena like car hydroplaning, result from a competition between shear-induced liquid invasion and spontaneous dewetting.

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface science
  • Tribology

Background:

  • Understanding liquid behavior at interfaces is critical in various scientific and engineering fields.
  • The interaction between liquids and moving surfaces can lead to complex phenomena, including lubrication and hydroplaning.
  • Non-wetting liquids present unique challenges due to their tendency to minimize surface contact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the wetting dynamics of a non-wetting liquid squeezed between a moving plate and a rubber cap.
  • To identify the critical velocities at which the contact interface transitions between dry, partially wet, and fully wet states.
  • To elucidate the underlying physical mechanisms governing these wetting transitions, specifically the interplay between shear-induced invasion and spontaneous dewetting.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Optical interferometry was employed to observe the contact interface in situ.
  • A controlled experiment was conducted using a rubber cap, a non-wetting liquid, and a moving plate at varying velocities.
  • Analysis focused on identifying distinct regimes of contact (dry, partially wet, fully wet) as a function of the plate's velocity.

Main Results:

  • At low velocities, the contact was observed to be entirely dry.
  • Above a first threshold velocity (V(c1)), the contact became partially wet, characterized by two symmetrical dry patches at the rear.
  • Above a second threshold velocity (V(c2)), the contact transitioned to a fully wet state, a regime relevant to car hydroplaning.

Conclusions:

  • The observed wetting transitions are governed by a competition between shear-induced liquid invasion and spontaneous dewetting.
  • The identified threshold velocities (V(c1) and V(c2)) mark critical points in this dynamic interplay.
  • The findings provide insights into the physics of lubrication and the hydroplaning phenomenon, particularly under decelerating conditions.