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Microalbuminuria and associated factors in newly diagnosed diabetics
E I Unuigbe1, H Omeife, T Edema
1Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Diabetic nephropathy is a common cause of end-stage renal disease. Microalbuminuria, a predictor of diabetic nephropathy, was screened for in newly diagnosed diabetics with the objectives of finding its prevalence and factors associated with its development. The Micral-Test strip was used to screen for microalbuminuria in 66 newly diagnosed diabetics (21 Type 1, 45 Type 2) and 36 non-diabetic controls. Microalbuminuria was present in 50% of diabetics and 8% of controls. Compared with the control group, diabetics had a higher prevalence of smoking, significantly higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure. Retinopathy was present in 23% of diabetics and was more frequently encountered in females. From multiple regression analysis smoking, systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and retinopathy were significantly associated with microalbuminuria. In conclusion, microalbuminuria occurs commonly in newly diagnosed diabetics and its development is associated with elevated levels of systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, retinopathy and smoking. Screening for this associated factors of diabetic nephropathy is recommended as a routine in all newly diagnosed diabetics.
Insights
Microalbuminuria is common in newly diagnosed diabetics, affecting 50%. Key associated factors include elevated blood pressure, retinopathy, and smoking, highlighting the need for early screening for diabetic nephropathy.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease.
- Microalbuminuria serves as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy.
- Early identification of microalbuminuria is crucial for intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed diabetic patients.
- To identify factors associated with the development of microalbuminuria in this population.
Main Methods:
- Screening for microalbuminuria using the Micral-Test strip.
- Study included 66 newly diagnosed diabetics (Type 1 and Type 2) and 36 non-diabetic controls.
- Multiple regression analysis was employed to identify associated factors.
Main Results:
- Microalbuminuria was detected in 50% of diabetics versus 8% of controls.
- Diabetics exhibited higher rates of smoking, elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure.
- Retinopathy was present in 23% of diabetics, more common in females.
Conclusions:
- Microalbuminuria is highly prevalent in newly diagnosed diabetics.
- Elevated systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, retinopathy, and smoking are significantly associated with microalbuminuria.
- Routine screening for these factors in newly diagnosed diabetics is recommended to prevent diabetic nephropathy.