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Acute infantile haemorrhagic oedema associated with hepatitis A
1Department of Pediatrics, Zeynep Kamil Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Insights
Acute infantile haemorrhagic oedema (AIHO) in infants is linked to hepatitis A infection. This case highlights potential viral triggers for this rare condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Acute infantile haemorrhagic oedema (AIHO) is a rare pediatric condition presenting with purpura, ecchymosis, and edema.
- The etiology of AIHO remains largely unknown, posing diagnostic challenges.
Observation:
- A case of AIHO in an infant is presented.
- Diagnosis was confirmed via skin biopsy showing leukocyte-elastic vasculitis.
- Laboratory tests revealed positive hepatitis A IgM and IgG antibodies, indicating subclinical hepatitis A infection.
Findings:
- The patient presented with classic AIHO symptoms.
- Skin biopsy confirmed leukocyte-elastic vasculitis.
- Subclinical hepatitis A infection was identified through serological markers and normal liver function tests.
- Cryoglobulinaemia was detected, suggesting a link between hepatitis A and AIHO.
Implications:
- This case suggests a potential association between hepatitis A virus infection and the development of AIHO.
- Highlights the importance of considering viral etiologies, particularly hepatitis A, in cases of AIHO.
- Further research into viral triggers for AIHO is warranted.
Abstract:
Acute infantile haemorrhagic oedema (AIHO) is characterised by purpura, ecchymosis and inflammatory oedema of the face and extremities. It is seen in children aged 4-24 months. The atiology is not known. We report a case of AIHO diagnosed by skin biopsy demonstrating leukocyte-elastic vasculitis. Laboratory studies showed positive hepatitis A IgM and IgG antibodies. The liver function tests were normal, indicating subclinical hepatitis. Cryoglobulinaemia was detected, suggesting that the disease was related to hepatitis A.