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Brucella infections in Illinois veterinarians
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|December 15, 1975
Summary
Brucellosis infection rates among Illinois veterinarians decreased from 1956-1972. This decline in brucellosis (a bacterial infection) was observed through lower antibody levels and fewer clinical diagnoses over time.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Brucellosis poses a significant occupational risk to veterinarians.
- Understanding historical infection trends is crucial for public health.
- Previous studies have indicated varying prevalence rates in veterinary populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the seroprevalence and incidence of brucellosis among Illinois veterinarians.
- To identify trends in brucellosis infection over a 16-year period.
- To explore potential factors influencing infection rates in this demographic.
Main Methods:
- Serological testing for Brucella antibodies in serum samples from veterinarians (1956-1972).
- Interviews to gather data on clinical brucellosis history and diagnosis.
- Analysis of infection ratios, serologic reactor rates, and clinical diagnoses over time.
Main Results:
- A combined infection ratio of 17.0% (224/1,315) was identified.
- Serologic reactor rates and clinical diagnoses showed a decreasing trend.
- Strain 19 Brucella vaccine emerged as a potential increasing source of infection.
Conclusions:
- Brucellosis prevalence in Illinois veterinarians declined between 1956 and 1972.
- Factors such as high-risk groups and early depletion of susceptible individuals may explain the decreasing rates.
- No significant difference in mortality was observed between infected and non-infected veterinarians.