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[Barrett's esophagus]
Fernando Barreda Bolaños1, Juvenal Sánchez Lihon, Oscar Misad Nuñez
1Servicio de Gastroenterologia del Departamento de Abdomen del Insituto de Enfermedades Neoplasicas.
Summary
Barrett's esophagus, a condition linked to intestinal metaplasia, affects older males more frequently. Adenocarcinoma development is more common in males with this condition.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Context:
- Barrett's esophagus is a condition where the lining of the esophagus changes, increasing the risk of cancer.
- Understanding the prevalence and risk factors is crucial for early detection and management.
Purpose:
- To review the definition, history, and clinical aspects of Barrett's esophagus.
- To present findings on Barrett's esophagus prevalence and associated adenocarcinoma at INEN, Lima, Peru.
- To analyze the relationship between intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and esophageal cancer in Barrett's esophagus patients.
Summary:
- Barrett's esophagus affects 0.64% of patients undergoing endoscopy, with a higher incidence in males (3:1) and increasing with age, particularly between 55-64 years.
- Intestinal metaplasia is strongly associated with dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma.
- In a 15-year study period (1985-1999), epidermoid carcinoma was 96% and adenocarcinoma was 4%. Adenocarcinoma incidence was higher in males (6:1).
- Long segment Barrett's esophagus (average 6 cm) was found in 13/14 patients with adenocarcinoma, with intestinal metaplasia present in most.
Impact:
- Provides epidemiological data on Barrett's esophagus and esophageal cancer in Peru.
- Highlights the association between Barrett's esophagus, intestinal metaplasia, and adenocarcinoma, emphasizing male predisposition.
- Informs clinical practice regarding surveillance and risk stratification for patients with Barrett's esophagus.