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Related Experiment Videos

Jarzynski equality for the transitions between nonequilibrium steady states.

T Hatano1

  • 1Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.

Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics
|April 24, 2002
PubMed
Summary

The Jarzynski equality, previously limited to equilibrium states, is now shown to apply to nonequilibrium stationary states under specific conditions. Numerical simulations confirm this significant extension in nonequilibrium thermodynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • The Jarzynski equality is a fundamental theoretical tool relating equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics.
  • Traditionally, its validity has been established for transitions between thermodynamic equilibrium states.
  • Extending its applicability to non-equilibrium systems is crucial for understanding complex dynamic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the applicability of the Jarzynski equality to transitions between non-equilibrium stationary states.
  • To identify the conditions under which the Jarzynski equality holds in non-equilibrium systems.
  • To explore the implications of this extended validity for the operational formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

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  • Theoretical analysis of the Jarzynski equality under non-equilibrium conditions.
  • Development of criteria for the validity of the equality in non-equilibrium stationary states.
  • Numerical simulations to verify the theoretical predictions and confirm the equality's applicability.

Main Results:

  • The Jarzynski equality is demonstrated to be applicable to transitions between non-equilibrium stationary states, provided certain conditions are met.
  • Numerical results provide strong evidence supporting the extended validity of the Jarzynski equality.
  • The study elucidates the conditions required for this extension.

Conclusions:

  • The Jarzynski equality's domain of validity is extended beyond equilibrium states to specific non-equilibrium stationary states.
  • This finding broadens the scope of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and the operational formalism.
  • The research confirms the robustness and wide-ranging applicability of the Jarzynski equality in physical systems.