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Pyrococcus genome comparison evidences chromosome shuffling-driven evolution.

Yvan Zivanovic1, Philippe Lopez, Hervé Philippe

  • 1Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, Université de Paris-Sud, UMR C8621 Centre Universitaire d'Orsay, Bâtiment 409, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France. yvan.zivanovic@arch5.igmors.u-psud.fr

Nucleic Acids Research
|April 25, 2002
PubMed
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Genomic comparisons of three Pyrococcus species reveal distinct rearrangement patterns. Transposition events, driven by insertion sequences in P.furiosus, significantly impacted its genome structure and gene transcription relative to replication.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Comparative Genomics
  • Molecular Evolution

Background:

  • The genomes of Pyrococcus abyssi, Pyrococcus furiosus, and Pyrococcus horikoshii were analyzed to understand genomic rearrangements.
  • Replication origins were identified to facilitate comparative DNA-level analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the genomes of three Pyrococcus species at the DNA level.
  • To identify and characterize types of genomic rearrangements and their impact on gene organization and evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomic analysis of P. abyssi, P. furiosus, and P. horikoshii.
  • Identification of replication origins to define chromosomal axes and replichores.
  • Analysis of sequence elements, recombination boundaries, and gene transcription orientation.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Three types of genomic rearrangements were identified: inversions/translations across the replication axis, inversions/translocations within replichores, and mobility of repeated sequences.
  • Rearrangements within replichores were more frequent between P. furiosus and the other two species.
  • A strong correlation between insertion sequences in P. furiosus and recombined segment boundaries suggests transposition as a major driver of genomic disruption.
  • Gene orientation bias was more affected by rearrangements than strand composition biases.
  • P. furiosus shows disrupted colinearity between transcription and replication, unlike P. horikoshii and P. abyssi.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic rearrangements have significantly shaped the evolution of Pyrococcus species.
  • Transposition events mediated by insertion sequences played a key role in P. furiosus genome evolution.
  • Disrupted gene orientation and transcription-replication colinearity in P. furiosus have implications for sequence evolution.