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Microscopic colitis.

Peter Tagkalidis1, Prithi Bhathal, Peter Gibson

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. peter.tagkalidis@mh.org.au

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|May 2, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Microscopic colitis, encompassing collagenous and lymphocytic colitis, causes chronic watery diarrhea. While often self-remitting and benign, specific treatments like budesonide show efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Microscopic colitis includes collagenous and lymphocytic colitis, characterized by chronic watery diarrhea and normal endoscopy.
  • Histological examination reveals characteristic inflammatory changes, distinguishing it from other bowel disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the understanding of microscopic colitis, including its presentation, natural history, and treatment efficacy.
  • To highlight the potential for a unified disease spectrum between collagenous and lymphocytic colitis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microscopic colitis.
  • Analysis of histological findings and clinical presentation.
  • Evaluation of randomized controlled trials for treatment effectiveness.

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Main Results:

  • Microscopic colitis presents with chronic watery diarrhea, normal endoscopic findings, and specific histological changes.
  • The condition typically undergoes spontaneous remission and has a benign clinical course without increased colorectal cancer risk.
  • Colloidal bismuth and budesonide are the only treatments proven effective in randomized controlled trials.

Conclusions:

  • Microscopic colitis is likely a spectrum of a single disease, potentially triggered by luminal antigens.
  • While generally benign, effective treatment options are limited, with budesonide and colloidal bismuth showing promise.