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Gender issues in youth suicidal behaviour.

Annette L Beautrais1

  • 1Canterbury Suicide Project, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand. suicide@chmeds.ac.nz

Emergency Medicine (Fremantle, W.A.)
|May 8, 2002
PubMed
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Young females report more suicidal ideation and attempts, but males have higher suicide death rates. This complex issue involves methods, intent, and psychosocial factors, not just method choice.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Gender disparities in youth suicidal behavior are evident from childhood through young adulthood.
  • In Western nations, females report suicidal ideation and attempts at twice the rate of males.
  • Despite higher attempt rates, males exhibit significantly higher completed suicide rates (3-4x) compared to females.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological evidence on gender differences in youth suicidal ideation, attempts, and completed suicides.
  • To explore potential underlying reasons for these observed gender disparities.
  • To critically examine the role of method choice versus other complex factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on youth suicidal behavior.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of factors contributing to gender differences in suicidal ideation, attempts, and completions.
  • Exploration of psychosocial and psychopathological differences between genders.

    • Main Results:

    • Females report higher rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
    • Males have a disproportionately higher rate of completed suicides.
    • Factors beyond method choice, including intent, psychopathology, and psychosocial elements, contribute to the disparity.

    Conclusions:

    • Gender differences in youth suicidal behavior are multifaceted and persist across age groups.
    • While method choice is a factor, it does not solely explain the higher male suicide mortality.
    • Females may possess protective factors against completed suicide that warrant further investigation.