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Vitamin A during pregnancy.

R Reifen1, K Ghebremeskel

  • 1The School of Nutritional Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.

Nutrition and Health
|May 11, 2002
PubMed
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Vitamin A deficiency impacts children and women in developing nations. Careful management of vitamin A is crucial during pregnancy to prevent birth defects and ensure infant health.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health
  • Maternal and Child Health

Background:

  • Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient vital for health across all life stages.
  • Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is prevalent in developing countries, affecting an estimated 40% of children.
  • Awareness is shifting from preschool children to include women of reproductive age and infants as at-risk groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on vitamin A status and requirements throughout the lifespan.
  • To highlight the risks associated with both deficiency and excess vitamin A during early fetal development.
  • To emphasize the importance of maternal vitamin A for fetal development, birth, and lactation.

Main Methods:

  • This study presents a comprehensive review of existing scientific literature.

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  • It synthesizes current knowledge on vitamin A's role in human health.
  • Prospects for future research directions are also discussed.

    • Main Results:

    • Vitamin A deficiency is a significant public health issue, particularly in developing regions.
    • Both insufficient and excessive vitamin A exposure during early gestation can lead to teratogenic effects.
    • Adequate maternal vitamin A status is critical for optimal fetal development and preparation for parturition and lactation.

    Conclusions:

    • Vitamin A's essential role necessitates careful management from infancy through pregnancy.
    • Addressing vitamin A deficiency in vulnerable populations, including women and infants, is a public health priority.
    • Further research is needed to optimize vitamin A intake strategies and understand its complex roles throughout life.