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Related Experiment Videos

Shell structure and pairing for interacting fermions in a trap.

Henning Heiselberg1, Ben Mottelson

  • 1NORDITA, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.

Physical Review Letters
|May 15, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Shell structures of weakly interacting fermions in harmonic oscillator traps exhibit transitions based on particle number and interaction strength. Superfluidity emerges due to pairing fields exceeding mean-field effects, creating

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nuclear structure physics

Background:

  • Fermionic systems in harmonic traps are fundamental models.
  • Understanding phase transitions in many-body systems is crucial.
  • The interplay of interactions and confinement dictates system properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate shell structure transitions in weakly interacting fermions.
  • Analyze the impact of particle number and interaction strength.
  • Explore the emergence of superfluidity and related phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Calculations of one- and two-particle spectra.
  • Construction of many-particle states using the seniority scheme.
  • Analysis of pairing gaps and mean-field effects.

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Main Results:

  • Observed several transitions in shell structures.
  • Identified conditions for supergap formation (N ≤ 10^4).
  • Demonstrated pairing field dominance over mean-field splitting.

Conclusions:

  • Weakly interacting fermions exhibit rich phase transitions in harmonic traps.
  • Pairing correlations are key to understanding emergent phenomena like supergaps.
  • Deformation and rotation effects are relevant in these systems.