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Developing communication in adults with profound and multiple learning difficulties using objects of reference.

Frances Jones1, Tim Pring, Nicola Grove

  • 1Haringey Health Care NHS Trust, London, UK.

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
|May 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Using a standard set of objects effectively improved communication in adults with profound and multiple learning difficulties (PMLD). While gains plateaued after 10 weeks, this approach offers benefits when individualized objects are not feasible.

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Area of Science:

  • Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)
  • Developmental Disabilities Research
  • Special Education

Background:

  • Objects of reference are utilized to enhance communication skills in adults with profound and multiple learning difficulties (PMLD).
  • Individualized object use is recommended but poses significant demands on care staff.
  • The feasibility of using a standardized set of objects requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a standard set of objects for communication development in adults with PMLD.
  • To assess the impact of a 20-week training program using standardized objects.
  • To explore the perspectives of care staff regarding the implementation of this approach.

Main Methods:

  • A group of 13 adults with PMLD participated in a 20-week communication training program.

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  • Progress was measured using an assessment tool based on staff-provided cues.
  • Care staff views were gathered through semistructured interviews.

    • Main Results:

    • The group demonstrated significant communication gains, with a plateau effect observed after 10 weeks.
    • Individual progress varied, with some reaching near-maximum performance and others showing limited object use.
    • Objects at the index level of representation facilitated greater and more sustained progress.

    Conclusions:

    • A standard set of objects can be effective for communication development in adults with PMLD, especially when individualized objects are impractical.
    • This method offers advantages in training, motivating care staff, and enabling assessment of communication progress.
    • It provides a structured framework for planning future communication development interventions.